energy resources

Decentralized energy resources

Energy resources will play an important key role for financially growth of country. There are two types of energy resources.
1.Coventi0nal sources of energy
2.Non-conventional sources of energy.
The energy resources which are exhaustible and which are existing and which are under use are called conventional resources of energy. They are 1) fossil 2) oil 3) natural gas 4)small hydel power plants 5) nuclear energy .Except small hydel power projects energy resources other conventional energy resources are lost(exhaustible) after once used.

The other type of energy resources are non-conventional sources of energy resources are also called New &Renewable Sources Of Energy. These resources are non-exhaustible energy resources which can be re used as long as earth is there and can be reproduced and used every day. The New Renewable sources of energy sources are as follows.
1.Solar Energy
2.Wind Energy
3.Bio-Gas Energy
4.Bio-Mass Energy
5.Geo-Thermal Energy
6.Ocean Tidal Energy
7.Small Hydel projects
8.Hydrogen Energy
9.Bio-Energy

India Energy resources

New & Renewable Sources of Energy are pollution free, environmentally friendly and energy can be generated wherever you wish. That is reason that energy resources are also called decentralized energy sources . These decentralized energy sources can be generated in bulk in rural villages. By utilizing these energy resources and retaining fossil energy resources sources we can reduce pollution and global warming. The global warming is increase in temperature on the earth presently we are facing. Government of India is promoting development works for use of non-conventional energy resources(new &renewable sources of energy ).Commission for Additional sources of Energy(CASE) scientific technical wing was set up by Government of India for promoting alternative energy resources. Ministry of Non Conventional Energy sources (MNES) independent ministry was established in 1982 to promote non-conventional energy resources. We are first country to form independent ministry for non-conventional energy resources in the world. The ministry works as a nodal agency for development of non-conventional energy resources. During the last three decades government of India taken several steps for development of sustainable energy resources in addition to energy security.

India is very big potential for non-conventional energy resources and by utilizing these energy sources i.e. we can save by financially reducing our oil import burden. The following estimated India’s potential capacities of non-conventional energy resources per annual.
1.Solar Energy ------------------ 500 M.W./year
2.Wind Energy -------------------4500 M.W./year
3.Mine Hydel projects ----------1500 M.W./year
4.Bio-Gas Energy-----------------66oooM.W./year
By using non-conventional energy resources we can generate 1,83,ooo M.W. of power.
Total India producing 1,50,574 M.W.of power as on on 31-7-2009.
present we are producing 15,200 M.W.of energy by using non conventional resources energy that is 8%of of conventional energy resources.

Solar Energy :Because of India situated in sunny belt area,3oo days in a year sun races fall on earth. On entire earth solar isolation is 1.92 calories average per square centimeter but solar isolation capacity in India is about 600 calories in average per square centimeter. India average daily basis solar isolation capacity is 4 to 7 M.W. per square kilometer.

Solar photovoltaic systems : solar voltaic systems department are being used commercially in India. These systems are used in rural areas, rural telephone and for micro wave receiving stations of Doordharsan.

Solar thermal programme : India developed scientific technology for solar cookers by using solar power for heating water. Now we are starting to use solar cookers commercially in India.

On January 11th 2010 government of India has launched Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Commission for developing solar power. It aim to develop 20,000 M.W. solar power by end of 13th five year plan is by 2022.This program is called Solar India .

Wind Energy : Because of India situated geographically advantage position , India is suitable for producing wind energy. Its estimated expected capacity is 45,000 M.W.We have produced only 8,737 M.W. of wind energy up to 31.03.2008 in India. First India’s wind energy centre’s were developed in Tamilnadu,Maharashtra,Gujrat and Orissa in sea coastal areas in 1986.Centre for Wind Energy Technology (CWET) scientific research institute was established in near Chennai for promoting wind power energy.

Bio-Gas : India is fine herd of live stock. India having about ¼ livestock of world total live stock population .By using cow dung we are generating the Bio-Gas Energy through using bio -gas production plants. Methane gas is produced from cow dung.Bio-Gas is clean,cheap,easy to facilitate as a cooking gas. Bio-Gas is used for lighting, for lift of water, small motor running and for cottage industry running. Bio-Gas mainly contain Methane gas(55-65%)and 35 to 40% carbon dioxide balance other gases. In bio-gas we are second largest producer after China.

Bio-Mass Energy :Bio- mass energy is being produced from agriculture waste and urban waste. India s estimated potential bio-mass energy is about 66,000 M.W.but we are producing only 912 M. W.

Geothermal Energy :National Geo Physical Research Institute (NGRI),located Hyderabad made an estimated capacity 4-5 M.W. for Geothermal energy capacity in India . Geothermal energy resources are available Surajkhund in Jharkhand state and in Top van in Uttar hand state.

Ocean Wave Energy :For Ocean Wave Energy we are having an estimated capacity of 40,000 M.W. energy can be produced from Ocean tidal waves. A Ocean wave energy plant was set up in Chennai with capacity of 150 Kilo Watt maximum capacity with technical assistance of a Swedish company technology(Sea power-AB).

Hydrogen Energy: production, storing facility, transport utilization safety precaution, economy are essential for producing Hydrogen energy. By using Hydrogen energy sources government of India has decided to set up 1000 M.W.capacity Hydrogen energy plant by year 2020.

Small Hydel projects : Small Hydel projects are second placed after wind Energy projects in India for providing power with water. The estimated potential of small Hydel projects are 15000 M.W.Up to now we are able to produce 2180 M.W. of energy through small hydel projects. Small 3 M.W.capacity plants have been increased to 25 M.W. capacity and hence small hydel projects overall capacity of energy production has been increased.

Bio-Fuel : From Jathropa,pongamia plants oil seeds we are producing bio-diesel. From sweet corn also bio-diesel can be produced.

Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency(IREDA) was incorporated aiming to implement and commercializing of New Renewable energy development energies.NRSE(New& Renewable sources of Energy) was set up for technology development and financial aid with revolving fund with easy terms
For development of these energy sources.

Non -Convention/New & Renewable energy sources are having following benefits over conventional energy sources..
1.These energies can be started any where in India. That is reason these energies are called de-centralized energy resources.
2.We can produce these energies with less expenditure.
3.The gestation period is very small.
4.These energy plants are Eco-friendly without any pollution.
5.These energies are in exhaustible and hence we can generate these energies permanently without any difficulty.

p.m. babu ra