The state of Quantum mechanics

Worthy of Ripley's believe it or not no other idea comes close to the serial nature than Quantum physics. The architecture is the tiny particles of the atom that contravenes our understanding and distorts our views of for the layperson's understnding of clasical physics. Science books have a contravening statement and titles as The matter myth's virtually saying ( at lest on a atomic scale ) to lay people everything we know is made up of empty space.
The study of the universe and our world began with the ancient Greeks with the idea we all share today the world is made up of tiny particles they called atomos. Though out the ages the idea has been expanded offering many explanations they exist. By the late 19th century proposals were offered atoms was a central core surrounded by orbiting particles called electrons. Think of the ball bearing racers in skate board wheels.
Engineers have constructed giant ringed tunnels to scientists specifications that are designed to crash atomic particles into each other as close to light speed as possible.
Although tiny they are mightily crashes that have reveled a whole zoo of new particles we'd think the atom is no longer though of as the building blocks of our world any more as they themselves are made up of building blocks. As the world seems remarkably solid the statement mostly empty space shows how incredibly tiny they must be, let a lone the building blocks. It is the building blocks of the atom's core particle accelerators are revealing
It is these physicists are concentrating on. The particles exhibit an illogical behavior expressed as Quantum weirdness that does not conform to any of the classical laws as lay people know them that are so strange to them should be part of Ripley's believe it or not. To appreciate how tiny these particles are we need to get a handle on the tiny size. Think of a typical 300mm school ruler for insistence. Standard ball pen lines are are millimeter wide. Mathematically speaking any two dollar calculator will show equivalent of dividing a meter successively by ten three times in a row giving three decimal zeros and 1 or the same as one dived a thousand.
Now if we successively dived the latter by ten another three times we have the thickness of a typical news pepper sheet. It is equivalent of dividing a meter successively by ten six times resulting in a six decimal zeros and one of a meter called a micrometer also known as a micron the sane as dividing the meter by one and six zeros (a million) about the thickness of today's blue ray in our DVD player beams and many fine tuned gapes between moving machinery parts.
If we divide further by 10 three times we are into the size of Nano technology the size of living cells nine decimal naughts and one (a thousand million ) of a meter the same as dividing it by one and nine zeros. If we dived by another ten three times we have a Pico meter which is twelve decimal naught and one of a meter the same as dividing it by one and twelve naughts about the size of a cigarette smoke molecule. and viruses. Scientific notation expresses these as ten to the minus. ( 10-3, 10-6 10-9 and 10-12, millimeter, micrometer, nanometer and picometer respectively ). As you can see it's getting smaller and small in scale no where near the end yet.
In practice atomic particles are as small are 24 decimal zeros of a meter tiny. On a millimeter scale twenty one decimal zeros. The one value that stands out to be mind boggling tiny is what is called a Planck scale named after a German physicist Max Planick famous for starting the Quantum physics revolution in 1900. He proposed matter, weights and measures, energy and time all came in fixed tiny amounts called Quota whitch means how much.
For example If we divide a meter by one and forty three zeros gives us a decimal value of forty three zeros and one the smallest length, the lowest energy the lightest mass and shortest time of the universe scale. On a milli- scale 39 decimal naughts. For an example of a mass 42 decimal naughts of a gram respectively. It's equally relevant when if we take the one placing in front of the zeros as a positive number ( called a reciprocal ). For example of a meter forty three decimal zeros and one becomes one and forty three zeros of a meter. Another example is time. One and forty three zeros equals one second. One and 43 zeros equals a kilogram of mass. Told you worthy of Ripley's believe it or not.
By the turn of the century the structure of the atom was though like a Plumb Pudding model lobbied by an English professor of physics JJ. Thomson consisting of electrons in a solid core. When the New Zealand physicist Earnest Rutherford starting shooting electric charges at gold foils the reaction changed the idea of the atom completely. Perhaps the crude table top device was the worlds first particle accelerator reviling the electric charge just went right though the gold foil as if it wasn't there revealing evidence electrons was an orbiting solar system bouncing off some of the particles right back reveling some particles had encountered a solid core.
To get an idea of how it worked we must consider the universes as electric which is similar magnetism. If you ever played with magnets you would inevitably discovered they did not necessary stick together as in some cases a force actually repelled each other. If you haven't experienced this playing with a couple of magnets you'll soon see it's true. If a bar magnet is suspended in a sling and left to freely hang there will align itself across the earth's north and south poles. One end is pushed by one pole and the other is pulled round by the other pole. We have what is known as the N and S poles of a magnetic fields that states "Like repel and unlike attract". Magnetic fileds can be so strong many tones of separating force is required. The density is so strong it's impossible to push magnets together that feel like a solid without even touching the metals. Many tones of pressing force is required.
Rutherford discovered the like repel law applied to electrons. To lay people thery are thought as a solid ball bearing point particle that is though could be just a ultra dense point of electrical charge that repel each other is now the prevailing scientific idea. The atoms core attracted electrons where the "unlike" attract law applied. Electrons have become known as a negative charge while the core positive. It wasn't till the 1920's the core was discovered to be made of building blocks called protons and neutrons. It turned out protons was the source of the atom's core the like repelled law applied isolated by the neutral neutrons.
What we think of as a sold world is the mass construction of the elements made up of atoms. A car door for example is made up of a composition of elements from the earth. When we break them down we have the molecules. When the molecules are broken down the car door will vanish into atoms, that are electrons, protons and neutrons the same particles that make up the rest of the world. The empty spaces between the particles is a bit like loosely weaved cloth that will leak water like a sieve. If the same cloth is woven tighter will be water tight. The more tighter the weaves the more sold it becomes.
Classical physics tells us bicycle and car tire inner tubes are air tight. As we know vehicles stored for long periods of time end up near or completely flat. If we observe the inner tubes as atoms including the air we breath will be the same atoms of a drop of blood. Cars door a bicycle inner tube, the air we breath and our bodies is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons plus a whole zoo of other parts of the atom's core discovered in the worlds particle accelerators. The same particles make up make stars and all the matter of the universe combined with all the forces holding the atoms together where particle physicist began concentrating on called the nucleus.
Each element atom has a different number of electrons protons seen in the parabolic element tables that in mass form the molecules of us and the world round us. We can see from health and nutrition vitamin and mineral supplement labels the chemical vitamins and the minerals are what we are made of that are made of electrons protons and neutrons that where created in stars from the so called big bang that has supposed to have created the universe.
If we where small enough to be on a micro scale we'd observe the density of various objects a bit like weaved cloth. A loosely woven cloth look course and will observe soak up and leak a drop of water like a sieve while a tightly woven one would look more solid and the drop will rest on it. The water molecules are to large to pass though the tighter weaves. The tighter the weaving the more solid it will appear to be. But on a Planck scale still pretty much empty space by compassion. We can understand this with observant tissue and news paper sheet.
Another example a vehicle stored for a long period of time ends up with very soft or flat tires. If we observe the air we breath on a small enough scale to observe electrons, and the core particles we won't see both oxygen and inner tube because they are the same electrons and the nucleus particles all in empty space. A drop of your blood is the same electrons protons and neutrons as a car door. They are the same particles that make up the atoms of stars and all matter in the universe. Physics began concentrating on the nucleus because the nuclear forces holding the atom together is the key to the physical world.
Viewing on a larger scale we observe the outer orbiting electrons are bonded into the outer orbits of other atoms forming the oxygen atom we breath. As we move progressively larger we observe the air molecule. Children's library books on the aliments and chemistry show excellent illustration examples of atoms bonded into the elements. As we observe on a larger and larger scale we begin to distinguish between the air and the inner tub boundaries.
Throughout the ages some thought was given to what visible light indeed all light was made of. Actually visible light is a clear light we see in. By the mid 19th century a debate raged whether clear light we see with is made up of particles or as a rippling waveform. I once wondered if it was just one great sheet. The particle theory tells us is a flowing current of particles given the name photons like flowing bullets. The wave theory tells us photons move back and forth in a rocking motion as they move alone though space many times per second.
In electronics the unit of electrical oscillation is called a Hertz and there is no reason why not can be used in this circumstance. The cycle is constantly speeding up and slowing down to a stop every change of direction the entire sequence a expressed as the wavelength. Photons move though open space like this on a Planck scale per meter at a fixed constant of just under 300 thousand kilometers in a second. In electronics the standard metric system prefix system kilo- for a thousand, Mega for a million and Giga for a thousand million (three, six and nine zeros, Kilohertz, Megahertz, and Gigahertz, Hz, KHz, MHz and GHz respectively) is used to scale the frequencies and again there is no reason why not we can use these here.
The clear light we see in is only a tiny fraction of the universes spectrum. The extremely long wavelengths our eyes cannot see is the inferred range such as our electronic remote control device beams followed by visible light then to short AM radio FM and television telecommunication, internet, radar the ultra violet (UV) and gamma rays of the cosmos. From UV rays up from the sun and stars is felt as heat the wavelengths as short as a few Picometers (Billionths twelve decimal zeros of a meter or on a millimeter scale nine decimal zeros ) the principle of heat in the universe called thermodynamics. Considering speeding up and slowing down to a stop each direction such tiny fractions of a second is extremely impossible for most of us to comprehend in any classical way. By 1900 it was a consensus light and heat is just a manifestation of vibrating molecules rather than just heat and light.
Electromagnetic radiation has remarkable electric power generating properties we take for granted today in our solar cell technology. Einstein won the Nobel prize for pointing out when light shines on a mettle it causes a minute electron current flow flow in it. Zinc is the best. What got him the prize was the fact he proposed based on Max Planck's proposal to solve black body radiation mysteries energy, mass and time come in discrete packets that depend on wavelength. Blackbody radiation is the relationship with the invisible radiation radiating from bodies. Most of us are familiar to with Isaac Newton's experiments with sunlight directed onto glass prisms. By 1900 it was clear every physicists each color is a manifestation of different visible light colors, red the longest and Violet, (a purply blue) the shortest. Wavelengths longer than red disappear into inferred. Shorter than violet disappear into radio transmition wavelengths all the way up to cosmic gamma rays The wavelengths are several decimal zeros more than a Picometer.
The longer the wavelengths the lower the frequency the shorter the higher the frequency and so forth. In the real world red hot iron bars have a greater amount of heat than violet. Einstein pointed out the shorter the wavelength the greater the energy and the longer the wavelength the lower it is. Thermodynamics is a branch of black body study how bodies interact with temperature. When an ion bar is heated it displays a purply blue. We'd think by the color is radiation violet. Mathematicians believed their math's showed the glowing bar should not stop at visible light colors but radiate way beyond UV gamma ray radiation but the strange thing although hot the amount of heat radiated is minimal compeered to red hot. When heated some more the radiating color changes to an orange then glows red. Even though the radiating visible red is a long wave the heat is more intense where math's predicts it should be gamma ray radiation.
Einstein pointed out the significance of light able to cause a flow of electrons in a metal is in the wavelength. The low frequency of the short-wave the photons has less power to apply the like repel and unlike law to move the electrons. A short wavelength has a lot more power. A 500 Watt bright red electric light that is will barely trigger an electric current in a metal but a 25 watt deep blue electric light will produce a significant amount of current in the metal.
Wavelength is the heart of our DVD technology. Until blue ray arrived players and recorders where relatively thick red high power drain beams. Blue ray is what it means. They laser is needle thin, blue and low powered in terms of power drain. It's the high frequency that does the job not the electronics reading blue ray discs. It's possible UV ray compatible to the sun already used in solar power energy.
Most of us are familiar with Einstein famously associated with his theory of relativity. A scientific journal published his paper on the photo electric effect. The paper observed photons on a Planck scale. It contended red light wavelength is to long for the photons to be able to move electrons efficiently. It makes no difference how intense the color because red is still a long wave. On the other hand violet light doesn't need to be very intense because of the shortwave can shift electrons efficiently. We won't get a tan from our remote control beams that's for sure. The latter is a crude way of describing UV radiation from the sun collected by state of the art semiconductor panels. Solar radiation is an unlimited supply in space collected by solar panels powering space stations. We use the solar radiation from the surface of the earth built into roofs of our homes.
How ever there is the well known health issue with UV. Sort exposer is relatively safe but time tells damaging our body cells efficiency to repair themselves properly causing mutationous cancer. X Ray is also a cosmic radiation which destroy them completely. Gamma rays incinerate them produced in made made nuclear explosions comparable to the suns incinerating energy the same effect on a city being nuked a million people will reach ten thousand digress farenhight in less than a second. From inferred visible UV thought to X and Gamma ray in the universe is like a waving bit sheet that seems seems smooth and continues but on a Planck scale like a digital processes in computers.
According to a Planck length the wavelength should be forty one decimal zeros and sixteen of a meter or on a millimeter scale thirty nine zeros. If we take the sixteen and place in front of the zeros results in the reciprocal sixteen and forty three naught Planck lengths in a second. If we think in computer processing power terms will be 16 and thirty four zeros GHz which will require a minimum of that much in memory ( Gb ) the end product of processing speed. Planck frequency is the fasted of the universe. Think of a video media every digital frame sixteen forty three zeros per second. That pretty well sum's up our environment on a planck scale.
If a Planck scale is anything to go by applies to the very center of black holes. Isaac Newton described gravity as an inward pulling force so operating on the principle this center would be a gravitational inward squeeze of 16 thirty four gigatones ( or forty three zero tones ) into a twenty three decimal naught 16 cubic micrometer volume called a singularity.
In the second year of world war one Einstein wrote his special theory of relativity contending motion generates the equivalent a gravitational force. He realized Newtown's third law of force and motion bodies tend to resists motion called inertia weighing down the moving mass. The harder a body is moved the heavier it becomes to move it on a light speed scale. Imagine riding a roller coaster at light speed. In the course of his mathematical investigations he discovered a formulae that predicted the pressure of the force at light speed is so great converts matter into energy in the form of heat. In other words light speed is a incinerating pressure cooker. The idea was so extreme the dividing line between matter and energy become a bluer. Since light nothing could go faster than light it was a constant called c. Einstein discovered the speed of light multiplied by itself ( squared ) multiplied by a mass showed the mass converted to heat.
For example the mass of a table tennis ping pong ball in a vacuum at light speed would weigh as much as a fully loaded ocean going oil tanker fold in on itself crushed and pulverized then incinerated to gamma rays in less than a second. Anybody with a pen and paper or any two dollar calculator can perform the equation e equals m c squared where e is the resulting energy m the mass of a body a and the little razed 2 light ( c ) multiplied by itself. For example 300,000 x 300,000 x a milligram as in decimal 0.001. This equation proved scientists only need a milligram of properly processed uranium to great a nuclear bomb. The result of the equation shows the heat and energy released by the detonation all the heat and energy of a gamma ray radiation traveling faster than a jet fighter.
All stars including our sun pours out into space this incinerating energy into space. It is the result of the nuclear processes in the heart of all stars including our sun. Over trillions of tones per square micrometer of inward crushing gravity squeeze the single electron orbit of hydrogen atoms into the neighboring hydrogen atoms that creates a two electron hydrogen atom called Helium called fusion. In doing so there is a explosive burst of energy exploding outward called fission. It is so great there is a radiation of escape velocity that balloons the star distributing visible light at escape velocity into space. The creation of helium from hydrogen is at a light speed scale every second so if you believe nothing can exceed can travel faster than light tells all of us the speed of nuclear fission. On a Planck scale would be sixteen forty three zeros per second.
Visible light is accelerated and distributed outwards in a huge sheet the entire circumference of the star in all directions 300 hundred thousand kilometers in a second. The instant build up of inertia is so great acceleration is terminated to a constant velocity obeying Newton's laws of momentum from there.
In 1801 a British physicist Thomas Young discovered light is rippling wave front. Like Newtown before him he experimented with light directing a beam of sunlight though a couple of tiny slits to a backing plate that displayed shadowy strips like a computer bar code. The intensity of the bright strips indicated a great amount of light and the dark strips where the was no light with gray area between. The only way this could happen if light is a waveform.
The only way the bright strips were so strong they had to be reinforced by another wave in parallel with them. The dark strips indicated the peaks were in parallel with the troth of another wave collapsing into the them resulting in canceling of light. The gray strips was the result of the peak and troths partially in parallel. The shadowy strips was indicating a pair of waves interfering with each other like the water ripples caused when a couple of stones dropped in a still duck pond. When photography was invented physicist were able to record the results using photo sensitive film.
Young's experiment was repeated with extremely week light you and I could not see. Latter carried out with single photons and later single electrons. Time and time again the behavior was checked and double checked for study. The photo sensitive film insisted in recording the interference paten. When one slit was closed the interference paten insisted even when the slits were reversed. The one that was closed was open and the other that was open closed. Sill the inference Patten persisted.
We'd think somehow the particles where splitting in two as they exited the slits causing the interference paten. But how should a immanent object as photons and electrons know the difference between a left and right open and closed slits and both closed and open? Yet this was what the collection of the photo sensitive films had recorded. It seems an answer that doesn't make much sense to to us to suggest single particles pass though all combination of open and closed slits at the same time.
There was no getting away from it. No matter what physicists did the resulting image indicated particles were interfering with themselves as they exited the slits. It appears a complete contraction to the law of physics one body can be in two places at the same time. Physicist came up with some sort of answer.
If particles spin on a axis like like planets maybe something to do with axis spin. The principle is rather complex but not entirely dissimilar to billiard ball spin it seems. We'd think a ball spinning impacting another spinning the interact skipping off each other carrying each others spin with them as the fly off in different directions. The easiest way to determine if true is a slow motion video capture. We should be able to determine clockwise and anticlockwise interactions.
Lets assume a video capture of colliding balls slowed down enough we could observe the skips of a pair of balls. If we record 60 times as fast as a second playback back at normal speed would reveal time would be slowed down equal to the second hand of a clock slowed down we'd normally observe the minute hand moving. The second hand would appear frozen in time in every minute. In other words we would have the opportunity to observe, if rather artificially, the action of the balls per minute. We expect everything would be recorded exactly as we expect of a video recorded at that speed but reminds me of Hinesburg's uncertainty principle comes into question.
This principle states that the velocity of a particle and position cannot be determined. They cannot be known exactly. If we plot the velocity for example the less we know we can predict the position. That's just the start. The odd thing with Hinesburg's principle the very act of observing a particle changes it. It's like saying inanimate objects like particles knows we are observing them and does the opposite we'd expect every time. Neither past, present nor future can be predicted with certainty. However we'd expect a video recording will capture exactly what was recorded at the time. We expect a fixed view of the colliding balls spins. We expect to view a minute's recording would give us an hours worth of viewing but even a second played back in a minute would be plenty of time to observe if there is indeed a spin transmittion between each colliding ball. The slow motion should reveal if there is a back and fort spin shearing affair going on.
If we are to observe atomic particle this way we need an ultimate speed scale no camera can do. We'd expect the playback to show a second stretched as long as 16 forty three seconds. With a bit of mathematical imitative we can work out how many years that would work out to be.
It just goes to show how Planck time is the ultimate of the universe. Nothing can go any faster or slower. Never the less, the spin theory has provided physicists with enough thought to a superposition theory to avoid the single body in two places at the same time theory. This theory states each particle has a double of themselves spinning clockwise and the other anticlockwise as the single particle passes though the slits. The twin spinning theory helps explain a lot about Young's experiment.
Guided by Young's experiment the superposition idea was toyed with in the 1920's becoming known as the action at a distance that what happens in one part of the universe a similar event occurs at the same time in some other part. Einstein with a pair of collages Poldosky and Rosen teamed up in 1935 to discredit the idea and Quantum physics in general. The trio argued it was absurd to argue a spooky action at a distance that is faster than light. Then there is the question of the sun's gravity holding every planet in stable orbit from the closest to the furthest in real time. Does gravity move at the limits of light speed?
If the vast distance of the universe is anything and the speed of light is anything to go by the EPR team concluded it was a fallacy to to expect an action at a distance operating. light traveling just under 300 thousand kilometers in a second can easily seem instantaneous After all with a little bit of math's reckoning it travels round the earth just about seven times. We can travel from pole to pole in less than a second. It certainly would account for an instantaneous at a distance at lest for 300 thousand kilometers if the action at a distance is on a light speed scale.
As we have learnt form Einstein's E equals m c squared law mass as small as a milligram at light speed, ( except photons, and of questionability neutrinos ) or any force can not travel faster than light. Not only that we cannot even catch up with light. It's like trying to chase and and overtake another car when both are at maximum speeds. No matter the pedal to the metal you'll never be able to catch up and over take the chassed vehicle. Under the circumstances the EPR team concluded communication transfer between atomic particles across the vast distance of the universe faster than light appears out of the question. Never the less we are still left with puzzle how fast is gravity is gravity. We can only speculate and wonder at the violation of the speed of light law that sounds remarkably as if gravity is an instantaneous action at a distance.
Gravity is an interesting analogy holding the the nucleus of the atoms together. Imagine steel ball bearings circulating a magnetic field slow enough stick to the magnet and not fast enough to shoot away. Sounds like a very delicate balance. It is believed a nuclear force that holds the core particles together expressed as the strong nuclear force. The way some authors describe it we'd think as strong as a black hole. Particle accelerators whipping atoms to close to the speed of light the G-force tears away the orbiting electrons crashing the the nucleus into each other to separate the core particles. In nuclear explosions a tiny shot of particles smashing into enriched milligram or uranium to trigger fission. E equals m c squared law expresses the energy release. This happens naturally at light speed by fusion in all stars. The nuclear holding the the nucleus intact is confined to nucleus.
The worlds particle accelerators G-forces strip away all the electrons leaving the just the crashing nucleus. A whole zoo of various particles momentarily flash in and out of existence from named Quarks to leptons. This action at a distance was thought to be uniform thought the universe given rise to a speculation to the driving force behind parallel worlds. Physicists suspected a randomness nature in the twin spinning effect a science fiction TV series called the sliders exploited using an artificially created wormhole. The pilot was based on a university student experimenting with antigravity in the basement of his home.
He got more than he bargained for when the machine machine created a vertex which are hyperspace partials that open the fabric of space opening into another world. A similar show based on the movie of the same name called star gate one and another series star gate Atlantis based on the ideas put forward by the EPR team's reporting on their judgment on Quantum physics. It all goes back to Einstein's general theory of relativity published in the second year of ww1. Instead of Newton gravity Einstein's version states the mass of stars and planets sink depressions in space like a heavy bowling ball on a trampoline pad where the speed of the planet's revolving round the sun skirt the perimeter of the dent.
It had long been suspected Newton gravity suggested if a star was big enough should hold onto it's own light. It was viewed if such a star existed we wouldn't see it shine hidden by the black void of the night sky. We can see the effect by our computer operating system paint program. A spot of the same color as the paint canvas will be invisible. Everybody knows how text of the same color as a web page background in the code can hide text. The current velocity would need to be higher than it is to escape from such a star. We are reminded of black holes excepted they are on a Planck scale in the center of the black void. In the days gone by this scenario was referred to as dark ( or frozen ) stars. Today cosmology tells us the center is not thought of as a dense matter but what's left of a huge superstar's compressed gravity of a dead star called a singularity into a Planck length in diameter 16 forty three zero tones, and one second on earth will equal well over six and fifty two zero years A Planck time is thought to be the time light cross a Planck length.
Speculation was rife Einstein's gravity suggested a deep well with vertical walls infinitely thing infinitely deep. It was also argued a point of gravity infinitely dense with a zero volume which was blatantly obvious mathematically impossible to Einstein. The Planck scale defines a singularity as finite which is mathematically sensible. Placing the one in front of the decimal zeros gives us the reciprocal positive number of Planck seconds in a second.
An idea put forward if the deep well of a dark star in one part of the universe linked up with another in another part of the universe. The deep wells would form a bridge between the two universes that had become known as the classic Einstein, Rosen, Pulaski bridge as portrayed in the science fiction TV series. Another idea involved the question what if a dark star spins at the speed of light enough centrifugal force applied to create a ringed singularity?
Centrifugal force is the results of a straight line velocity in an endless loop. The length of a straight line rolled into a circuit equals the circumference of the circle and reciprocally the circumference of a circle opened out equals the straight line respectively. Take a one kilogram steel ball swung on the end of a half meter chain 10kmph. Now imagine on the end of a two meter chain at the same velocity. Despite the same mass becomes more heavier on the longer chain than the short one slowing it down and causing some wobbling. It's clear the slower speed and heavier weight we feel is on an outward projectary that depends on distance the ball travels a circle. The longer the mass travels round the more outward weight slowing it down. We don't have to be Einstein's to know with enough length even at the same velocity increases the outward weight at a slower wobbling speed finally snapping the chain flying off in a straight line. The official term is G's. Weights and measure tables available can show we can convert G's into the metric prefix unit for weight and vice versa. As we can see Velocity seems only a secondary consideration as you can imagine the ball swung round on a half meter chain at 20kmph.
In fact the shorter the chain no matter what velocity G-force pulls inward on itself the most famous example is twirling ice skater. When the skater holds there arms out they are creating a wide circle generating a slower speed. The skater can control the spin by adjusting it by collapsing there arms in tighter circle in much the same way a 1Kg steel ball can achieve 20kmph round our heads on a quarter meter chain. The tighter the circle the the more inward pulling weight there is the faster the spin.
A black hole turned into a ring is very tricky to explain how it should work. In normal circular motion physics a black hole at light speed only the singularity would be spinning at light speed the outer edges ( The event horizon ) that will be spinning slower. The planick scale reminds us despite the weight the spin pulled inward back onto the singularity cannot weigh any heavier anyway. Even at light speed the singularity should remain the same weight that is if you believe the singularity is not necessarily finite.
Or alternatively if you believe the universe could be cunning enough to allow the laws of physics as we know it to be so distorted in a black hole that changes the rules the event horizon and singularity spin at the same speeds allowing the singularity to become heavier than a planck scale so there is enough outward going G-force weight available to crack it open. We are reminded we are assuming the normal physical law of g-force at work to do that. Otherwise we are looking at the singularity spinning at light speed the event horizon would be spinning slower, that is, if you believe as far as a black hole is concerned there will be circumstances not necessarily true nothing can exceed light speed as we found out with gravity. We'd think the event horizon is a bit to tenuous to explain how it's tethered someway. We are hard pressed to see how a G force could be stopped from dissipating into space achieving nothing except by the gravity of the event horizon that will be the roots to the singularity.
Considering if you believe the rules of physics as we know it are changed in a black hole we are reminded we are assuming the normal rules would apply to create a ringed circularity that should formed by the inside out directly from the singularity against the gravitational inward pull of the event horizon.

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